A Pediatric Case of Nonprogressive Idiopathic Central Vasculitis: A Spectrum of Clinical Presentations

In children, the causes of cerebral infarction are varied, and accurate diagnosis and treatment are imperative. An early school-age boy was brought to our hospital due to seizures and impaired consciousness. He was diagnosed with cerebral infarction due to primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV) based on increased inflammatory response and circumferential vessel wall thickening in his right middle cerebral artery. As the neurological abnormalities had already improved at the time of diagnosis, he was administered conservative treatment without worsening. This treatment is an option for patients with clinically nonprogressive PCNSV. Some cases of clinically nonprogressive PCNSV and reversible vasoconstriction syndrome can have similar clinical presentations.