Quasi-two-dimensional pseudo-sessile drops

Abstract Sessile drops are ubiquitous and important in technological applications. While dynamics of liquid drops have been studied under confinement, the possibility of creating sessile drops with reduced dimensionality has not been explored. Here, we demonstrate a quasi-two-dimensional (Q2D) analogy for axisymmetric sessile three-dimensional (3D) drops. The Q2D drops are created by confining liquids between parallel vertical walls, forming low aspect ratio capillary bridges deformed by gravity. Stationary Q2D drops adopt projected shapes analogous to 3D sessile drops, ranging from circular drops to puddles. When moving, the Q2D drops exhibit capillary and fluid mechanical behaviours conceptually analogous to 3D drops, including impacts and sliding. The Q2D drops also exhibit more complex phenomena such as levitation, various instabilities and pattern formation when subjected to external electric, magnetic and flow fields. The 3D-Q2D analogy suggests that the diverse and often complicated phenomena observed in 3D drops can be studied in the simplified Q2D geometry. Additionally, the Q2D confinement analogy allows exploring phenomena arising from the reduced dimensionality and the altered boundary conditions.