CT and MRI radiographic characteristics of seminal vesicle cysts

Seminal vesicle cysts are relatively uncommon benign lesions. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for guiding appropriate management strategies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiographic characteristics of seminal vesicle cysts in order to enhance the diagnostic proficiency of radiologists. We conduct a comprehensive descriptive analysis of the CT and MRI findings pertaining to 15 patients with seminal vesicle cyst, complemented by a brief literature review. The mean age of 15 patients with seminal vesicle cyst was 57.53 ± 17.0 years. Among these patients, 53.33% (8/15) were incidentally detected, while 40% (6/15) presented with symptoms of abdominal or pelvic pain. One patient exhibited hematospermia. In 86.67% (13/15) of cases, the cysts were unilateral, while the remaining 13.33% (2/15) were bilateral. Radiological assessment comprised CT scans for 7 patients, MRI scans for 12 patients, and a combination of both modalities for 4 patients. Imaging characteristics revealed 11 cases of unilocular cysts and 4 cases of multilocular cysts, with the largest measuring approximately 16.0 × 9.8 cm. CT imaging distinctly demonstrated punctate or nodular calcification along the cyst wall in 3 cases. MRI, on the other hand, facilitated the visualization of cystic contents, including mucinous protein in 9 cases and hemorrhagic components in 2 cases. The radiographic manifestations of seminal vesicle cysts exhibit distinct characteristics, CT and MRI imaging modalities are instrumental in facilitating their accurate diagnosis. • Seminal vesicle cysts are rare lesions with both congenital and acquired etiologies. • Giant, multilocular seminal vesicle cysts can present with no symptoms. • CT and MRI are essential imaging modalities for evaluating seminal vesicle cysts. • The characteristic location and imaging finding are key diagnostic features.