Challenges of work migration for nurses

According to the World Health Organization, the global healthcare system is increasingly challenged by an aging population and the rising burden of chronic diseases [1]. Additionally, European societies are rapidly becoming multicultural, which presents new challenges and opportunities for communities receiving migrants [2]. Based on the International Centre on Nurse Migration report, the world needs nearly 6 out of 10 million new nurses, turning the nursing shortage into a significant global challenge [3]. With the growing elderly population and the prevalence of chronic diseases, the demand for healthcare professionals, especially nurses, has never been higher [1]. As a result, many Western countries have turned to recruiting nurses from other nations, leading to increased nurse migration, which has now become a global issue [4]. The professional threats associated with nurse migration include communication barriers, heavy workloads, and high levels of responsibility [1]. Moreover, the lack of language proficiency among migrant nurses is considered the biggest obstacle in communicating with patients and healthcare teams [5]. Low wages and high workloads are also significant challenges for migrant nurses [3]. Additionally, recruitment agencies exploit nurses, another issue faced in foreign countries [6].