An Experimental Investigation of Solar Nano Fe3O4 Coating Exhibiting Higher Solar Absorption Efficiency using Box- Behnken Design

This paper presents a study that explores the use of nanocoating on a flat plate collector to enhance heat transfer in a conventional flat-plate solar water heater through an experimental approach. Globally, people are facing an increasingly serious energy dilemma. Numerous studies employing replenishable energy sources, such as sun energy as opposed to fuel and electrical energy, are conducted in an effort to control the energy crisis issue. This is because solar energy is free of cost and environmentally benign. Several research studies have tried to improve the effectiveness of solar water heaters. A simple and effective method of utilizing solar power is to warm water for household purposes. Despite the significant upfront expense of a solar water heating system, there are no ongoing green energy costs. The coating is created by integrating a metallic particle, fe3o4, into the black paint. With variations in ratios (1g, 1.5g, and 2g) were applied on three distinct flat plate collectors. Throughout this research, efficiency was evaluated for fe3o4 nanocoating and keeping flat plate collectors at varying tilt angles (15°, 30°, and 45°) and diverse flow rates (60, 90, and 120 kg/hr).