Tondano Lake Management - Environmental Issues and Integrated Counter Measurements

Tondano Lake as a priority lake in Indonesia is a natural water resource that serves various important water needs. One of the obligations is its discharge. It is used to operate three turbines to electrify 2 provinces (North Sulawesi and Gorontalo) serving approximately 1 million domestic electricity customers and more than 50 distinct industrial sectors. Having 9 inlets which spurred with villages on each of their sides has gradually and continuously overloaded the lake with nutrients, causing it to suffer from eutrophic condition. Inundation of low leveled shoreline areas which occurred seasonally, has hindered most public activities surrounding the lake. This study focused on depicting the problems from the government's perspective and attempting to design solutions that will provide long-term sustainable and ecofriendly lake management initiatives, particularly in preventing frequent flooding and further degradation of lake water quality. Several hydrology, topography, bathymetry, and water quality measurements have been undertaken to support in-depth analysis of the problems in order to gain a better understanding of the lake's current condition and exclusively verify results from previous related studies. This study's solutions include two hard measures (design of embankment dimensions and constructed wetland) and one soft measure (a matrix of management tasks of competent and responsible stakeholders).