Microwave Activation Innovation in Nambo Sand: The Latest Solution for Filter Media in Clean Water Treatment

Producing clean water from sources unfit for use, both for drinking and bathing, washing and purifying purposes, requires efforts to treat the water to meet the quality standards set by the Government.One effective method is filtration, with the primary material being filter media.This research focuses on analyzing the mineral content of Nambo sand as a filter media to purify well water using microwave activation and the addition of Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4).The objectives of this research are: (1) Analyze the mineral content, grain morphology and micropores of Nambo sand; (2) Optimizing the characteristics of Nambo sand through microwave activation; (3) Apply Nambo active sand to reduce iron and manganese levels in healthy water.The findings show that: (1) Nambo Sand has high potential as a source of silica sand because of its high Si and SiO2 content; (2) Microwave activation to a maximum temperature of 400 increases the concentration of Si and SiO2 reduces impurities and increases the number and area of pores on the sand surface, which is effective in reducing the levels of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn); (3) The addition of 5% KMnO4 to sand activated by microwave at a maximum temperature of 400 reduces Fe and Mn levels in healthy water to the lowest level of 0.01 mg/L.