Immunological Variables In Cattle Infected With Blood Protozoa Transmitted By Ticks And Horseflies In Samarra City

The results of the immunological tests on cattle infested with ticks and horseflies showed significant differences between the groups of infested cattle. There was a highly significant difference in the immunoglobulin IgM, which reached 54, compared to the healthy cattle group. Additionally, there were highly significant differences in the surface markers CD8, CD4, and the MHCII complex in the groups of cattle infested with ticks and horseflies compared to the healthy cattle groups. However, no significant differences were observed between the infested and healthy cattle groups in terms of immunoglobulin IgG and complement G3.