Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Combined With Metformin on Ovarian Function Compared to Metformin Alone in Iraqi PCOS Patients

Background: Data about the response of ovary function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to metformin treatment are controversial and the use of metformin in women with this syndrome combined with CoQ10 has never been assessed previously using the current study design. Research objective: to figure out the effect of Co Q10 and metformin combination in contrast to monotherapy using metformin on ovary activity in PCOS Patients and methods: The present study included 150 patients with an age range of 20 to less than 35 years. Patients were categorized into five groups: CoQ10 groups who were treated using 10 mg per-oral (bid), metformin group (positive control group) and they received metformin as 500 mg per-oral (bid), combination groups who received both agents with similar doses as above, newly diagnosed group who received no treatment and finally newly diagnosed PCOS. Each group included 30 women. Pediatrics and Maternity Teaching Hospital in Adiwaniyah Province (Iraq) was the location of sample collection. Beginning of study was at September the 21st 2023 and extended to March 31st 2024. Data about age and body mass index were included in the study. Ultrasound assessment of ovarian volume and antral follicle volume was carried out before and after treatment.Results: Comparison of mean ovary volume among research cohorts is shown in table 2. Statistically notable variance was reported in average ovary volume across research cohorts (p < 0.001). Mean ovary volume was highest in newly diagnosed PCOS group and it was lowest in negative control group and combination group. The volume was comparable in CoQ10 group and metformin group; however, combination group had significantly lower mean ovary volume in comparison with either treatment approach alone (p < 0.05). Statistically notable variance was reported in average follicle volume across study cohorts (p < 0.001). Average follicle volume was lowest in newly diagnosed PCOS group and it was highest in negative control group. The volume was comparable in CoQ10 group and metformin group; however, combination group had significantly higher mean follicle volume in comparison with either treatment approach alone (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Both treatment approaches using metformin alone or CoQ10 alone produces significant improvement in ovary volume and antral follicle volume in women with PCOS; however, combination of both agents resulted in more significant improvement.