EVALUATED OF ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE, MEAN PERFORMANCE AND HETEROSIS FOR SOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF SEVEN INBRED LINES AND THEIR F1 CROSSES OF YELLOW MAIZE

The field experiment was performed during two successive summer seasons 2022 and 2023 at the experimental farm Faculty of Agricultural, Moshtohor, Banha University. Seven diverse maize inbred lines (line 635 (P1), line 524 (P2), line 423 (P3), line 231 (P4), line 418 (P5), line 200 (P6) and line 202 (P7)). The lines were obtained from Faculty of Agricultural Moshtohor, Banha University, Egypt. To estimate of analysis of variance, mean performance and heterosis for plant height, ear height, flag leave area, stem diameter, number of leaves/plant, ear weight, number of ear/plant, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows/ear, number of kernels/row, cub weight, 100-kernel weight, kernel weight/ear and kernel yield/plant. The results showed highly difference significant between the genotypes for all studies traits. The mean of square due to parents were highly significant for all studies traits except the kernel yield/ plant trait. Moreover, analysis of variance due to crosses was highly significant for all studies traits. While mean of square due to P vas F1s were highly deference significant for all studies traits except ear diameter (cm). The mean performance of seven lines and their F1 crosses for kernel yield/plant (g) it ranged from 31.7 to 67.0 (g) for parents, as well as it changed from 91.27to 405.5 (g) for crosses. The parents P2, P4 and the crosses (P1 xP6), (P2 x P4), (P2 x P6), and (P2 x P7), were given the highest values for kernel yield/plant. The present data of hetrosis for kernel yield/plant showed positive and highly significant heterosis over MP by all crosses except three crosses were positive and significant this crosses (P2 x P5), (P3 x P6) and (P6 x P7) . Moreover, heterosis was positive and highly significant heterosis relative to BP evaluated by all crosses. The results were indicating effectiveness selection in this respect. Conclusively,the significantly of the studied traits indicated the presence of adequate genetic variability in the used genetic material. Mean Performanceone of the most importance statistical analysis is the mean performance of tested material is which should be presented to identify the genetic variability existing among these material.