The Efficiency of Nanohydroxyapatite Granules on Bone Regeneration: Radiographic and Histopathologic Study in a Canine Model

The primary factors leading to bone loss are trauma, tumor excision, and degeneration. Ongoing research has focused on investigating the efficacy of natural and synthetic substitutes for bone grafts, utilizing both in vivo and in vitro experiments. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite (N-HA) in stimulating bone regeneration in significant bone defects in the tibia of dogs. This study utilized a cohort of 12 adult male mongrel dogs. Two holes with a diameter of 10 mm were surgically created in the upper region of the tibial bone. One defect was filled with Nano-HA powder, while the other defect was left unfilled. The advancement of N-HA's healing process was monitored through sequential radiographic imaging and histological examination until the completion of each designated observation period. The findings of our investigation demonstrated that the region where N-HA was inserted exhibited enhanced bone formation, suggesting a more rapid and robust healing reaction in comparison to the control site. The data presented here provide empirical evidence supporting the notion that Nano-HA possesses favorable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and osteoinductive properties.