Unveiling the Uncommon: Ovarian Cancer Metastasis as a Rare Cause of Obstructive Jaundice and Partial Gastric Outlet Obstruction

Ovarian malignancy leading to liver metastasis is relatively common in advanced stages; however, metastasis causing partial gastric outlet obstruction via duodenal encroachment is exceedingly rare. This case report details a 63-year-old woman initially diagnosed with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH BSO) followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, achieving complete remission. Three years later, she developed metastasis to the caudate lobe of the liver, leading to duodenal and common bile duct (CBD) encroachment, resulting in partial gastric outlet obstruction and obstructive jaundice. Upon presentation in 2023, imaging and biopsy confirmed liver metastasis consistent with primary ovarian cancer. Despite initial chemotherapy reducing CA-125 levels, the patient experienced recurrent symptoms, including jaundice and gastrointestinal obstruction. Imaging revealed a mass in the liver causing duodenal and CBD compression. The management involved endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with biliary stent placement. This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing rare metastatic patterns of ovarian cancer, emphasizing the need for continued follow-up and integrated care to optimize patient outcomes. Documentation of such cases is crucial for enhancing understanding and developing better management protocols for these rare occurrences.