Intellectual capital and its significance for ensuring economic stability and national security

In today’s context of globalization and rapid technological development, intellectual capital has become a crucial resource for ensuring economic stability and national security. Unlike traditional factors of production such as land and labor, modern economic models are based on knowledge, innovation, and technology, which drive countries’ competitiveness in the international arena. Intellectual capital encompasses all intangible assets that create added value, including knowledge, skills, patents, technologies, organizational culture, and more. Its importance to national security is underscored by the necessity to foster innovation, cybersecurity, and effective management of information resources in the face of modern threats. It has been demonstrated that the introduction of new technologies and product development significantly boosts economic activity, which in turn stimulates the creation of new jobs. Employment levels increase, and the overall well-being of the population improves. Intellectual capital provides the foundation for the development of new defense systems, cybersecurity, the protection of intellectual property, and strategic risk management. Economic stability is a critical indicator for any country, as it determines the population’s standard of living, the competitiveness of enterprises, and resilience to global crises. It has been established that the weighted distribution of each element’s contribution to national security is based on various factors: cybersecurity (25%), protection of information resources (20%), the role of science (20%), defense capability (15%), and strategic risk management (20%). Protecting intellectual property, including patents, copyrights, and trademarks, becomes a key factor in preserving scientific and technological achievements and preventing industrial espionage. Keywords: intellectual capital, economic stability, national security, innovation, human capital, information security, structural capital, enterprises.