Numerical analysis of skin cancer model induced by ultraviolet radiation

Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers, and is primarily caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Understanding these dynamics is critical for the development of effective preventive and treatment measures. In this study, we examined a mathematical model of skin cancer induced by UV rays, categorizing the total population into four compartments: susceptible [Formula: see text], infected [Formula: see text], recovered [Formula: see text], and UV radiation [Formula: see text]. To solve the system of nonlinear differential equations and obtain a numerical solution for the SIRU model, we employed three semi-analytical methods: the differential transform method (DTM), Shehu transformation–Akbari–Ganjis–Pade approximation method (SAGPM), and higher-order inverse polynomial method (HOIPM). Each method was effective in providing highly accurate solutions with minimal computational effort. Compared to the [Formula: see text] solver, these semi-analytical methods have been validated for their accuracy, confirming their reliability and efficiency in solving complex real-world problems, leading to interesting findings. This study also investigated the impact of key parameters, offering valuable insights into the response and behavior of the skin cancer model under various conditions. These findings enhance our understanding of the dynamics of skin cancer.