Integrating eugenol with intensive care in leukemia patients: exploration of pro-apoptotic potential against HL-60, human leukemia cell line

Objective: The objective of this in-vitro study was to explore the pro-apoptotic potential of eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) on Human Leukemia-60 (HL-60) cell line as a potent phytochemical in intensive care setting to leukemia patients. Methodology: After formal approval by all of the respective ethical committees, this study was simultaneously conducted at all respective institutional departments. The study included culturing HL-60 cell line and its treatment with serial concentrations of eugenol for calculation of subsequent IC50 values (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) via MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay, expression analysis of gene, comparative analysis of relative gene fold (Intrinsic Biomarkers Caspase-3, Caspase-9) as apoptosis mediator markers followed by RT-qPCR. Cellular apoptotic morphology was confirmed via Hoechst 333258 staining. Results: For HL-60 cell line, the IC50 of eugenol (14.1 uM) showed high gene expression of pro-apoptotic biomarkers (Caspase-3 and Caspase-9). Hoechst 333258 staining showed prominent apoptotic bodies leading to nuclear fragmentations. Conclusion: Eugenol proved to possess robust pro-apoptotic potential leading to diagnostic efficacy against leukemia HL-60 cell line. Further studies would help in identifying key mechanisms by which eugenol exhibits anti-cancer potential against HL-60 cell lines. Abbreviations: HL-60 - Human Leukemia-60; IC50 - Half-Maximal Inhibitory Concentration Keywords: Eugenol, Pro-apoptotic Effects, Intensive Care, Anti-Cancer Mechanisms, HL-60, Natural Chemotherapeutics Citation: Khaliq HMH, Bughio R, Nangdev P, Aziz O, Javed W. Integrating eugenol with intensive care in leukemia patients: exploration of pro-apoptotic potential against HL-60, human leukemia cell line. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(5):871−875; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i5.2491 Received: June 18, 2024; Reviewed: August 03, 2024; Accepted: August 11, 2024