Incidence and Outcomes of Pregnant Trauma Patients With Positive Urine Toxicology: A Southern California Multicenter Study

<b>Background:</b> The use of illicit substances during pregnancy has increased 4-fold in the past two decades, negatively impacting both mother and fetus. The rate and clinical outcomes of substance use in pregnant trauma patients (PTPs) are not well studied. We sought to evaluate clinical outcomes of PTPs with positive urine toxicology, hypothesizing a higher rate of in-hospital maternal complications for PTPs with a positive urine toxicology ((+)Utox) compared to those testing negative ((-)Utox). <b>Methods:</b> PTPs (≥18 years old) were included in this multicenter retrospective study between 2016 and 2021. We included patients with known urine toxicology results and compared (+)Utox vs (-)Utox PTPs. <b>Results:</b> From 852 PTPs, 84 (9.8%) had a (+)Utox with the most common illicit substance being THC (57%) followed by methamphetamine (44%). (+)Utox PTPs had higher rates of blunt head injury (9.5% vs 4.2%, <i>P</i> = .028), extremity injury (14.3% vs 6.5%, <i>P</i> = .009), domestic violence (21.4% vs 5.9%, <i>P</i> < .001), suicide attempt (3.6% vs 0.3%, <i>P</i> < .001), and uterine contractions (46% vs 23.5%, <i>P</i> < .001). Abnormal fetal heart tracing, premature rupture of membranes and placental injury were similar between groups (all <i>P</i> > .05). The rate of maternal complications was similar in both groups (all <i>P</i> > .05). <b>Conclusion:</b> In this study, the rate of (+)Utox in PTPs was 9.8%. The (+)Utox group had similar rates of maternal complications but more commonly experienced uterine contractions which may be related to the physiology of drugs such as methamphetamines. PTPs with (+)Utox also more commonly were victims of domestic violence and suicide attempt, which merits further prevention research efforts.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
The American Surgeon
Published
2024-10-11
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/00031348241290612
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Pregnancy-related medical research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.54
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Incidence and Outcomes of Pregnant Trauma Patients With Positive Urine Toxicology: A Southern California Multicenter Study

William Ganske, Alden Dahan, Danielle C. Zezoff, Negaar Aryan et al.
1 citations
The American Surgeon
Pregnancy-related medical research
0.54
article

Incidence and Outcomes of Pregnant Trauma Patients With Positive Urine Toxicology: A Southern California Multicenter Study

William Ganske, Alden Dahan, Danielle C. Zezoff, Negaar Aryan, Graal Diaz, Matthew Castelo, Dunya Bayat, Eric Jude Ley, Diane Wintz, Areg Grigorian, Mallory Jebbia, Kenji Inaba, Areti Tillou, Erika Tay-Lasso, Jennifer A. Smith, Jarrett Santorelli, Nicole Fierro, Raul Sérgio Martins Coimbra, Brent Emigh, Alexa Lucas, Walter L. Biffl, Morgan Schellenberg, Navpreet K. Dhillon, Dennis J. Zheng, Jeffry Nahmias, Kathryn B. Schaffer, Sigrid Burruss, Thomas K. Duncan, Arianne Johnson, Isabel Clark, Rahul Tuli
article en
1 citations

Abstract

<b>Background:</b> The use of illicit substances during pregnancy has increased 4-fold in the past two decades, negatively impacting both mother and fetus. The rate and clinical outcomes of substance use in pregnant trauma patients (PTPs) are not well studied. We sought to evaluate clinical outcomes of PTPs with positive urine toxicology, hypothesizing a higher rate of in-hospital maternal complications for PTPs with a positive urine toxicology ((+)Utox) compared to those testing negative ((-)Utox). <b>Methods:</b> PTPs (≥18 years old) were included in this multicenter retrospective study between 2016 and 2021. We included patients with known urine toxicology results and compared (+)Utox vs (-)Utox PTPs. <b>Results:</b> From 852 PTPs, 84 (9.8%) had a (+)Utox with the most common illicit substance being THC (57%) followed by methamphetamine (44%). (+)Utox PTPs had higher rates of blunt head injury (9.5% vs 4.2%, <i>P</i> = .028), extremity injury (14.3% vs 6.5%, <i>P</i> = .009), domestic violence (21.4% vs 5.9%, <i>P</i> < .001), suicide attempt (3.6% vs 0.3%, <i>P</i> < .001), and uterine contractions (46% vs 23.5%, <i>P</i> < .001). Abnormal fetal heart tracing, premature rupture of membranes and placental injury were similar between groups (all <i>P</i> > .05). The rate of maternal complications was similar in both groups (all <i>P</i> > .05). <b>Conclusion:</b> In this study, the rate of (+)Utox in PTPs was 9.8%. The (+)Utox group had similar rates of maternal complications but more commonly experienced uterine contractions which may be related to the physiology of drugs such as methamphetamines. PTPs with (+)Utox also more commonly were victims of domestic violence and suicide attempt, which merits further prevention research efforts.

The American SurgeonVol. 91(2)
University of California, Riverside (US), University of Southern California (US), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (US), Loma Linda University Medical Center (US), Sharp Memorial Hospital (US), LAC+USC Medical Center (US), University of California, Los Angeles (US), University of California, Irvine (US), Loma Linda University (US), Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital (US), UCLA Medical Center (US), Riverside University Health System - Medical Center (US), University of California San Diego (US), Scripps Memorial Hospital (US), Ventura County Medical Center (US), Cottage Health (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 28%
Pregnancy-related medical research
0.54
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.