Importance of timely diagnosis and intervention in uterine artery pseudoaneurysm caused by hysteroscopic surgery

This manuscript explores the case on the occurrence of uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) during hysteroscopy endometrial polypectomy and the subsequent successful treatment <i>via</i> uterine artery embolization (UAE). Moreover, we focus on the management and treatment options for UAP in patients of advanced maternal age. A pseudoaneurysm is an extraluminal blood collection with a disrupted flow that communicates with the parent vessel <i>via</i> a defect in the arterial wall. The reported case involved a 48-year-old primiparous woman who developed a UAP after uterine polyp removal. The study enhances the understanding of UAP, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, by providing a detailed and well-documented account of the comprehensive case presentation, effective use of medical imaging techniques for diagnosis, successful postoperative patient management following UAE, and practical clinical recommendations for clinicians managing similar cases. Overall, this study highlights the importance of considering UAP as a differential diagnosis in patients with abnormal vaginal bleeding following hysteroscopic surgery. Additionally, this manuscript recommends that clinicians with a high index of suspicion for UAP promptly request ultrasonography and computed tomography to facilitate early diagnosis. UAE is suggested as a primary treatment due to its effectiveness and safety, particularly in facilities capable of avoiding hysterectomy.