Hydrochemical and Algological Characteristics of the Ustuu-Senek Mineral Spring (Tuva Republic, Russia)

The informatioon algae and the hydrochemical composition of the mineral spring of Ustuu-Senek, located in the Ulug-Khem district of the Republic of Tuva is provided for the first time. According to the classification of medicinal mineral waters for its temperature indicators, arzhaan (mineral spring) belongs to the cold group, and in terms of its general hardness, it belongs to waters of medium hardness.The waters of Senek Arzhaan have a chloride-sulfate calcium-sodium composition. In terms of organoleptic and physicochemical indicators, the studied waters correspond to drinking water quality standards. The identified species composition of algae of the mineral spring is represented by 69 species of algae from 4 divisions: Cyanoprokaryota - 8, Bacillariophyta - 47, Chlorophyta - 2 and Charophyta - 12. The basis of the taxonomic composition is diatoms and characeae (85.5% of the total number of species), including blue-green and green algae account for 14.5%. There were identified 6 dominants, among which the special attention is paid by Diatoma hiemale and Diatoma mesodon According to the ecological-geographical analysis, which was carried out, the algal flora is represented by benthic species with a predominance of indifferent forms in relation to the halicity and active reaction of the environment. In the watercourses studied, 52 species, indicators of water saprobity, were identified. The predominance of xeno-, oligobionts and betamezosaprobionts was revealed. In terms of georgraphy, cosmopolitan and boreal species dominated.