Aesthetic orientation of modern and contemporary Korean calligraphy

This study highlighted the aesthetic trends of modern and contemporary calligraphy, focusing on the activities of modern and contemporary Korean calligraphy artists after Japanese colonial era. Modern and contemporary calligraphy in Korea has undergone changes over the past century, unlike before. Through the enlightenment period (1876-1910), the Japanese colonial period (1910-1945), the national and civil wars (1945-2000), and the millennium period (2000-present), various activities of the calligraphy world were developed according to the circumstances of the times. This trend was roughly divided into three periods. First, it is the era of 'Shin (神)' calligraphy culture. Calligraphy during the enlightenment period was a combination of the Qing Dynasty's gold and stone studies and the succession of the traditional Western style. Then, during the Japanese occupation period, it was divided into anti-Japanese and pro-Japanese tendencies. The calligraphy style of the anti-Japanese group is mainly of the scholar-like bowels and strong momentum, while the calligraphy style of the pro-Japanese group is generally flexible and luxurious. During this period, calligraphy recognition and activity as a spiritual culture were strong in the mixture of national and anti-national emotions rather than promoting and developing calligraphy as art. Second, it is the era of 'Shin (伸)' calligraphy culture. During this period, the number of people wishing for calligraphers increased through the entrance of Gukjeon, and the establishment of private calligraphy education institutions nationwide also increased. In the 1970s, the base expanded as calligraphers' groups began to be formed. The golden age of calligraphy was reached by the opening of the Calligraphy Center at the Seoul Arts Center in 1988, the establishment of the calligraphy department at the university in 1989, and diplomatic relations between Korea and China in 1992. For half a century after liberation, high-quality growth (伸張) was achieved in the pure and dysfunctional functions of Gukjeon. Third, it is the era of 'Shin (新)' calligraphy culture. Starting with the Millennium, calligraphy has progressed in that it does not adhere to the existing system unless the identity of art is lost. It reinterprets tradition by using bold strokes that breathe life of calligraphy without being bound by the old law and operating freewheeling conclusion and method. Therefore, the current calligraphy is innovating while aiming for the inheritance and creation of tradition through reinterpretation of the original, unconventional through creation, and the artification of Hangul calligraphy.