Comparative Analysis of Surface Roughness influenced by Alumina Powder on Different Lapping Plates using the Surface Lapping Process Technique to the C3604 Brass Material

This research aims to study the surface roughness influenced by alumina powder on different lapping plates using surface lapping process technique for C3604 brass material. The comparison was made between using a cast iron lapping plate and a brass lapping plate. The design and analysis of a factorial experiment were applied to analyze the impact of three factors: alumina powder size with levels of 0.05, 0.30, 1.00, and 3.00 µm, lapping time with levels of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min, and the type of lapping plate (cast iron or brass). The response variables in the factorial experiment included two Ra-values, on the x-axis and on the y-axis. These variables were analyzed to determine their correlation with the surface quality of C3604 material in the lapping process. During sample preparation for the experiment which was conducted to measure surface roughness, 200 g of alumina powder, 150 ml of alumina powder lubricant, and 1 L of water were used. In the final statistical analysis, the brass lapping plate was selected to determine the most suitable values for the response variables. The analysis resulted in 0.1132 µm roughness on the x-axis and 0.1076 µm on the y-axis. It was found that the optimal alumina powder size and lapping time were 0.30 µm and 90 min, respectively. The statistical analysis carried out in this research revealed a high level of desirability, which was found to reach 95.41%. This means that the recommended combination of 0.30 µm alumina powder size and 90 min lapping time resulted in highly satisfactory outcomes based on multiple response criteria. The high desirability value signifies that this combination is considered optimal and provides a superior surface quality for the C3604 brass material in the lapping process.