Optimization of the Suspension System of Passenger Cars using the Vibration Model Multi-Objective Method

The main functions of the suspension system are the provision of comfort and traction. However, in many cases, paying too much attention to the smoothness of the vehicle has led to incorrect determination of suspension parameters and other problems such as rollover and reduced traction. This study aims to present a design method that optimizes vehicle suspension to improve ride comfort and safety. Based on the structure and specifications of a 29-seat passenger car, this study introduces a general oscillation model of eight degrees of freedom of the passenger car in space. The model allows us to analyze the vibrations of the driver, the body, and the wheels simultaneously under the excitation effect of the road surface and the changes in the vehicle's motion modes. In addition, based on the theory of multi-objective optimization, this study optimized the suspension parameters of the passenger car. The optimized values were: cd = 100000 N/m, csr = 154709 N/m, ksf = 7265 Ns/m, csf = 106193 N/m, ksr = 11297 Ns/m, f1 = 0.5906 m/s2, caf = 6711 Nm/rad, f2 = 1171 N, car = 5683 Nm/rad. The main contribution of the research is the provision of a multi-objective optimization method for the suspension system.