Prevalence of Deliberate Self-Harm Among Youth: A Retrospective Study in Eastern India

Background: This retrospective cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of deliberate self-harm (DSH) among youth attending a tertiary care center in Eastern India from October 2022 to September 2023. The study aimed to ascertain the prevalence and to identify the primary functions underlying DSH engagement among the youth population, with a focus on emotional regulation. Materials and Method: Data from hospital records were collected, and one on one interviews were conducted using NSSI questionnaire to assess DSH behaviour. A total of 66 subjects were enrolled, aged 15 to 29 years, deliberate self-harm behaviour over the study period. Statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, was conducted using SPSS version 27. Results: Findings revealed a notable prevalence of DSH, 59% of the 66 respondents had, had a documented history of deliberate self-harm with various underlying causes, with majority within the age category between 21 to 29 years. The primary functions of DSH were linked to emotional dysregulation, such as coping with frustration, anger, and stress. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of understanding the functions of DSH to inform clinical interventions targeting the specific needs of youth experiencing mental health challenges in Eastern India. The results also emphasises the need for targeted interventions addressing emotional dysregulation. Key words: Non-suicidal Self Injury, emotional regulation, mental health, prevalence, Self-harm