Microscopic Thyroidectomy and Its Outcomes: Retrospective Analysis of 25 Cases

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of 25 patients undergoing microscopic thyroidectomy, focusing on demographic details, perioperative complications, and postoperative results, with specific attention to recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy and hypocalcaemia. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted at Apollo Hospital, Mysore, on 25 patients who underwent microscopic thyroidectomy. Demographic data (age, gender, and diagnosis) were recorded. Postoperative complications, such as RLN palsy and hypocalcaemia, were assessed through clinical evaluation, direct laryngoscopy, and biochemical markers. Data were analyzed and presented in tabular form. Results: Of the 25 patients, 18 were female (72%) and 7 were male (28%), with an average age of 48.2 years. Diagnoses included 16 benign (64%) and 9 malignant (36%) cases. Transient hypocalcaemia occurred in 3 patients (12%) and transient RLN palsy in 1 patient (4%), both resolving within three months. No permanent complications were noted. The average operative time was 110 minutes (95 minutes for hemithyroidectomy, 130 minutes for total thyroidectomy). Average intraoperative blood loss was 35 mL, and the average hospital stay was 2.5 days. Histopathological analysis confirmed clear margins in all malignant cases. Conclusion: Microscopic thyroidectomy is a safe and effective procedure with minimal complications, particularly in preserving the RLN and parathyroid glands. Its precision leads to faster recovery and favorable postoperative outcomes, making it a valuable option in thyroid surgery.