The effect of dental gel with IL-1β antagonist on indicators of nitrosative stress and antioxidant system in rats with experimental chronic generalized periodontitis

The aim of the study was to evaluate the action of dental gel with IL-1β receptor antagonist on the indicators of nitrosative stress and antioxidant system in rats with experimental chronic generalized periodontitis. Materials and methods. Experimental chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) was modeled using a calcium-deficient peroxide diet with reduced masticatory function in Wistar rats weighing 190–220 g for 8 weeks. The studied pharmacological agents were administered within 30 days after the development of CGP: 1 % dental gel with IL-1β receptor antagonist (1 mg/kg, locally using a dispenser); and antioxidant Mexidol (250 mg/kg, intragastrically). To assess the condition of periodontal tissues, the levels of nitrotyrosine, iNOS, Cu/ZnSOD, and glutathione peroxidase-4 were determined by immunoenzymatic quantitative analysis; levels of stable metabolites of NO, reduced and oxidized glutathione were determined using biochemical methods. Results. Course administration of dental gel with IL-1β antagonist in a therapeutic regimen to rats with CGP resulted in a decrease in the depth of periodontal pockets, almost complete elimination of bleeding and swelling of the gums, as well as to a decrease in iNOS expression by 37.8 % (p < 0.05), nitrotyrosine concentration – by 55.2 %, and NO metabolites – by 30 % (p < 0.05) in the blood of animals. Dental gel with IL-1β antagonist application resulted in an increase in concentration of reduced glutathione by 63 % (p < 0.05), glutathione peroxidase-4 expression – by 60.4 % (p < 0.05), and Cu/ZnSOD – by 31.2 % (p < 0.05) in the blood of animals with CGP. Mexidol, when administered to rats with CGP, affected only two studied indices – the level of nitrotyrosine and reduced glutathione (p < 0.05). However, it was inferior to the gel with the IL-1β receptor antagonist in terms of the degree of influence on these parameters (р < 0.05). Conclusions. The obtained results provide experimental justification for further study of IL-1β antagonist as a promising agent for the treatment of CGP.