Sestrin 2 as a new biomarker in obesity and diabetes mellitus: A new key player in the metabolic regulation

The global health crisis of diabetes linked to obesity necessitates innovative biomarkers for early diagnosis and targeted treatment. This study explores the pivotal role of sestrins, evolutionarily conserved proteins, in the intricate interplay between obesity and diabetes. Highlighting their significance as regulators of metabolic balance, stress response, and cellular homeostasis, particularly sestrin 2 (SESN2), the study delves into their impact on oxidative stress, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory responses. Recent studies have highlighted the dysregulation of sestrins in obesity and diabetes mellitus, suggesting their potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. Examining the molecular processes involving AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) underscores sestrins as potential biomarkers for prognosis and early detection in obesity and diabetes, offering promising avenues for targeted treatments. This commentary highlights the importance of diagnostic and therapeutic potential of sestrins, thus paving the way for personalized management strategies in obesity and diabetes mellitus.