Near-Infrared Dual-Range Methane Sensor Using the OAIC-HC Mode Based on VMD-SG-Assisted Optical Noise Suppression

Based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy and off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy, a dual-range methane hybrid sensor was constructed utilizing the overtone absorption band of CH₄ gas molecules at 1653.7 nm. By simultaneously utilizing an off-axis integrated cavity and Herriott cell with an effective absorption path of 11 and 405 m, respectively, the two received photoelectric signals are decomposed into different frequency components by VMD and then reconstructed after SG filtering. Applying the global optimization algorithm DA-ELM to CH₄ concentration inversion, the correlation coefficient <i>R</i>² is as high as 0.9995. Through long-term stability verification, the instrument's standard deviation at 1 ppm is 27 ppb. After Allan-Werle deviation analysis, the sensor's limit of detection is 2.298 ppb at an integration time of 138 s. Using the self-developed sensor, the detection of dual-range trace CH₄ gas is achieved, enabling a dynamic detection range of trace CH₄ gas ranging from 400 ppb to 1000 ppm. The sensor realizes dual-range methane trace detection and actively controls methane emissions to improve environmental quality while taking into account the safety benefits of reducing production accidents.