Helicopters Turboshaft Engines Neural Network Modeling under Sensor Failure

This article discusses the development of an enhanced monitoring and control system for helicopter turboshaft engines during flight operations, leveraging advanced neural network techniques. The research involves a comprehensive mathematical model that effectively simulates various failure scenarios, including single and cascading failure, such as disconnections of gas-generator rotor sensors. The model employs differential equations to incorporate time-varying coefficients and account for external disturbances, ensuring accurate representation of engine behavior under different operational conditions. This study validates the NARX neural network architecture with a backpropagation training algorithm, achieving 99.3% accuracy in fault detection. A comparative analysis of the genetic algorithms indicates that the proposed algorithm outperforms others by 4.19% in accuracy and exhibits superior performance metrics, including a lower loss. Hardware-in-the-loop simulations in Matlab Simulink confirm the effectiveness of the model, showing average errors of 1.04% and 2.58% at 15 °C and 24 °C, respectively, with high precision (0.987), recall (1.0), F1-score (0.993), and an AUC of 0.874. However, the model’s accuracy is sensitive to environmental conditions, and further optimization is needed to improve computational efficiency and generalizability. Future research should focus on enhancing model adaptability and validating performance in real-world scenarios.