Sub-Chronic Peroneal Nerve Stimulation Lowers Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

<i>Objective:</i> Acute electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve (cPNS) has been shown to cause an immediate reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) in spontaneous hypertense rats (SHR), but the effect of this treatment in sub-chronic ambulatory SBP is unknown. Here we developed an implantable wireless WNClip neural stimulator to test the efficacy of 5-week cPNS as a treatment for hypertension. <i>Results:</i> Daily cPNS 2 Hz monophasic stimulation at threshold for 8 minutes every day for five weeks, reduced SBP in WKY animals by -4 mm Hg, and in SHR animals by -21 mmHg in week 5 (p < 0.01). Ambulatory SBP measured daily recorded approximately twenty-four hours after the cPNS treatment, showed a significant reduction from the first (176.6 ± 24.1 mm Hg; n = 5) to the last week of treatment (165.7± 42.7 mm Hg; n = 4), a -9 mm Hg reduction (p < 0.01). Evaluation of heart rate during the treatment showed no significant difference caused by the daily 8-minute cPNS. <i>Conclusions:</i> Electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve induced a reduction in SBP that is comparable to that reportedly achieved pharmacologically by ACE inhibitor Ramipril, or by renal denervation procedures. These results support the notion that neuromodulation of the common peroneal nerve can serve as an alternative treatment for drug resistant hypertension.