Physical Degradation of Anode Catalyst Layer in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Abstract The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is a promising technology for green hydrogen production. However, the wide‐spread application of PEMWE is hindered by the insufficient lifetime due to the degradation of anode material and structure, thus it is crucial first to understand the degradation mechanisms of PEMWE in actual applications. Generally, the degradation in anode side can be classified as chemical degradation and physical degradation. The considerable research focus from academia to enhance performance and durability is mainly by chemical methods. However, based on the experience from industry, many of the performance and lifetime limitations originated from physical factors. Herein, the impact of the physical characteristic of anode catalyst layer (ACL) on performance and durability of PEMWE is investigated, including cracking and deformation of ACL, swelling and creeping of ionomers, and detachment of catalyst particles. Finally, an outlook of future research focus is provided, based on the demand of developing efficient and durable industrial PEMWE devices.