The effect of flipped learning on students’ basic psychological needs and its association with self-esteem

FC better fulfils students' basic psychological needs, specifically needs for autonomy and competence, and self-esteem compared to TC. Collaborative work, and academic scaffolding, contributes to behavioural engagement of students in the learning process. FC with the main focus on students' active involvement may better meet millennials' needs. Implementing validated questionnaires to measure students' psychological needs should become a regular practice in medical schools, specifically during the process of curriculum redesign.