Ammonia Sensing Performance at Room Temperature of Ca-Doped CNFs/Al₂O₃ Gas Sensor

When NH₃ in the environment exceeds a certain concentration, it may have adverse effects on human health. Ammonia gas sensors currently on the market usually work under high temperatures and are not only expensive but also have poor performance in terms of selectivity. Therefore, the preparation of an ammonia gas sensor that works at room temperature, is low cost, and has high sensitivity and selectivity is particularly important. This paper introduces a room temperature ammonia gas sensor based on a Ca-doped CNFs/Al₂O₃ nanocomposite material, prepared using electrospinning, pre-oxidation, and carbonization processes. The surface morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition of the materials have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Ca-doped CNFs/Al₂O₃ gas sensor has excellent selectivity for ammonia at room temperature and low sensitivity to other volatile gases such as ethanol, dimethylformamide, HCl, and methanol. At 100 ppm of NH₃, the response value of the Ca-doped CNFs/Al₂O₃ gas sensor can reach 22.73, demonstrating excellent repeatability and long-term stability. Its performance is not affected by environmental temperature and humidity, providing great convenience for practical applications. In addition, we also discuss the sensing mechanism of the Ca-doped CNFs/Al₂O₃ gas sensor. This paper not only provides effective materials and methods for the development of high-performance room temperature ammonia gas sensors but is also expected to play a role in the field of environmental monitoring.