A mathematical model of Cholera–Typhoid coinfection dynamics with a hygiene-driven contact rate

Waterborne infections such as Cholera and Typhoid remain a huge burden on the public health systems of poor countries in Africa and Asia. The highest disease burden is concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa. In most regions, the recent spike in cases of both infections is attributed to dilapidated infrastructure and poor hygiene. This paper examines the role of poor hygiene in the surge of both infections. We use a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations to model the movement of people between the different classes of infections, and we use a sigmoidal function to model the different levels of hygiene in a community. The findings demonstrate that managing hygiene, even if limited to the direct transmission route, can significantly reduce the prevalence of both infections. This paper presents some of the public health implications of these findings.