An adaptive network model simulating the effects of an AI coach on supporting safety in hospitals through inducing adherence to guidelines in neonatal medical protocols

In this article, it is shown how second-order adaptive agent-based network models can be used to support a medical team in healthcare institutions to adhere to specific Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia treatment guidelines through the integration of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Virtual Coach. The proposed AI Coach is designed to provide timely interventions and correct deviations when lapses in the health care practitioner’s internal mental model occur. Through simulating three different scenarios, the internal dynamics of these mental models, adaptive changes of these mental models (learning and forgetting), and the interaction between health care practitioners and the world is shown when: (1) There is perfect adherence to guidelines, (2) There is imperfect adherence to guidelines and (3) There is both perfect and imperfect adherence to guidelines alongside interventions of the AI Coach in the latter case.