Comparative Assessment of Environmental Disclosure Practices: A Case Study of Two Leading Oil Companies in India

This study conducts a comparative analysis of the environmental disclosure practices of two leading oil companies in India: OIL and Petronet LNG. By evaluating their sustainability reports and publicly available environmental information, the research assesses key performance areas such as energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, water management, waste treatment, and biodiversity conservation. The analysis reveals that both companies exhibit similar environmental disclosure practices, with strengths in energy and emissions management but significant gaps in compliance, biodiversity, and grievance mechanisms. A statistical t-test shows no significant difference between the environmental performance of the two companies, indicating comparable transparency levels. The study highlights the need for both organizations to improve their environmental reporting and align more closely with global sustainability standards, such as the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP). Recommendations include enhancing biodiversity conservation efforts, strengthening supplier environmental assessments, and improving compliance with environmental regulations. Keywords: Environmental disclosure, Oil industry, Sustainability reporting, Comparative analysis, India, Greenhouse gas emissions, Energy management, Water usage, Biodiversity, Compliance, Corporate social responsibility (CSR).