Assessment of environmental noise capacity for Indian Highways

India is one of the rising nations with a diverse traffic mix. Heterogeneity of traffic is a key factor in determining the noise environment around roadways. This study aims to assess the environmental noise capacity of Indian highways. To gather data for the study, Indian highways, namely NH-334, NH-7, and NH-344, were selected, specifically focusing on the sections, settlements near the highway. Four specific locations along these highways were chosen to measure the noise levels and collect comprehensive traffic data. The vehicles were classified into two categories: light vehicles and heavy vehicles. Traffic volume was assessed using videography, while traffic speed was determined using a radar gun. Sampling occurred at 15-minute intervals, encompassing both peak and off-peak hours on weekdays and weekends. A total of 460 data sets were collected to facilitate the prediction of equivalent noise levels (Leq). Environmental noise capacity (ENC) was calculated at all selected locations, revealing that the ENC value exceeded zero. This indicates that the noise levels in all areas surpassed the designated capacity. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers in developing strategies to mitigate the impacts of increasing highway noise.