Human Sustainability and the Competitiveness of Jordanian Industrial Companies: The Mediating Effect of Employee Participation

There is much discussion about sustainability and its dimensions at the macro level (sustainable development) and at the micro level as important additional dimensions, including human sustainability. In this context, the contribution of this study comes in addressing the research gap in expanding the dimensions of sustainability to include a fourth dimension, represented by the human dimension with its four components: effective learning, sustainable innovation, functional sustainability, and sustainable teamwork. Human sustainability still needs to be rooted as a concept, representative components, and their effect on the two main determinants of the company’s competitiveness. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the effect of human sustainability components (effective learning, sustainable innovation, functional sustainability and sustainable teamwork) on the competitiveness of industrial companies in its two determinants: competitive ability and competitive performance. The current study also sought to investigate the effect of employee participation on the relationship between human sustainability and company competitiveness.