Keabsahan Transaksi Jual Beli ASI pada Bank ASI dalam Perspektif Fiqh Muamalah dan Hukum Positif

Abstract. The practice of selling breast milk in Indonesia is considered common by society but has sparked both pros and cons. This practice arises due to conditions where babies are born prematurely or have certain medical problems, while their mothers are unable to provide breast milk. One available solution is through milk banks that provide high-quality, verified breast milk. However, the sale of breast milk raises concerns related to health risks if the milk is not rigorously tested, as well as issues regarding the law of radha'ah (milk kinship). This study aims to analyze the legality of breast milk as a saleable object and the validity of breast milk transactions at milk banks from the perspectives of Fiqh Muamalah and Positive Law. A qualitative research method with a normative legal approach is used to gather information on the legality of breast milk as a saleable object and the validity of breast milk transactions at milk banks. Data is collected through literature studies and interviews related to milk banks. The data analysis method includes descriptive analysis, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that, from the perspective of Fiqh Muamalah, the majority of scholars such as Syafi'i, Maliki, and some Hanbali scholars consider breast milk legitimate as a saleable object, while the Hanafi school of thought holds the opposite view. Contemporary scholar Yusuf Qardhawi permits the sale of breast milk because it is considered pure and beneficial. In Indonesia's positive law, Government Regulation No. 33 of 2012 prohibits this practice. As a solution, milk banks adopt a gift agreement mechanism to facilitate meetings between breast milk donors and recipients, ensuring compliance with applicable laws. Abstrak. Praktik jual beli ASI di Indonesia dianggap umum oleh masyarakat, namun menuai pro dan kontra. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kondisi bayi yang lahir prematur atau memiliki masalah medis tertentu, sementara ibu mereka tidak dapat memberikan ASI. Solusi yang tersedia adalah melalui bank ASI yang menyediakan ASI berkualitas dan telah diverifikasi keamanannya. Namun, jual beli ASI menimbulkan kekhawatiran terkait risiko kesehatan jika ASI tidak melalui pemeriksaan ketat serta risiko terhadap hukum radha’ah (masalah sepersusuan). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keabsahan ASI sebagai objek jual beli dan transaksi jual beli ASI pada bank ASI dalam perspektif Fiqh Muamalah dan Hukum Positif. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan hukum normatif digunakan untuk menggali informasi terkait keabsahan ASI sebagai objek jual beli dan transaksi jual beli ASI di bank ASI. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara terkait bank ASI. Metode analisis data meliputi deskriptif analisis, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perspektif fiqh muamalah, mayoritas ulama seperti Syafi’i, Maliki, dan sebagian ulama Hanbali menganggap ASI sah sebagai objek jual beli, sedangkan madzhab Hanafi berpendapat sebaliknya. Ulama kontemporer Yusuf Qardhawi membolehkan penjualan ASI karena dianggap sebagai barang yang suci dan bermanfaat. Dalam hukum positif di Indonesia, Peraturan Pemerintah No. 33 tahun 2012 melarang praktik tersebut, namun tidak mencantumkan alasan pelarangan dan sanksi. Sebagai solusi, bank ASI mengadopsi mekanisme akad hibah untuk memfasilitasi pertemuan antara pendonor dan penerima ASI agar sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Bandung Conference Series Sharia Economic Law
Published
2024-08-12
DOI
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcssel.v4i2.13563
Primary Topic
Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Keabsahan Transaksi Jual Beli ASI pada Bank ASI dalam Perspektif Fiqh Muamalah dan Hukum Positif

Intan Nurrachmi, Neneng Nurhasanah, Sadam Mochamad Fahrurozi
Bandung Conference Series Sharia Economic Law
Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
article

Keabsahan Transaksi Jual Beli ASI pada Bank ASI dalam Perspektif Fiqh Muamalah dan Hukum Positif

Intan Nurrachmi, Neneng Nurhasanah, Sadam Mochamad Fahrurozi
article en

Abstract

Abstract. The practice of selling breast milk in Indonesia is considered common by society but has sparked both pros and cons. This practice arises due to conditions where babies are born prematurely or have certain medical problems, while their mothers are unable to provide breast milk. One available solution is through milk banks that provide high-quality, verified breast milk. However, the sale of breast milk raises concerns related to health risks if the milk is not rigorously tested, as well as issues regarding the law of radha'ah (milk kinship). This study aims to analyze the legality of breast milk as a saleable object and the validity of breast milk transactions at milk banks from the perspectives of Fiqh Muamalah and Positive Law. A qualitative research method with a normative legal approach is used to gather information on the legality of breast milk as a saleable object and the validity of breast milk transactions at milk banks. Data is collected through literature studies and interviews related to milk banks. The data analysis method includes descriptive analysis, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that, from the perspective of Fiqh Muamalah, the majority of scholars such as Syafi'i, Maliki, and some Hanbali scholars consider breast milk legitimate as a saleable object, while the Hanafi school of thought holds the opposite view. Contemporary scholar Yusuf Qardhawi permits the sale of breast milk because it is considered pure and beneficial. In Indonesia's positive law, Government Regulation No. 33 of 2012 prohibits this practice. As a solution, milk banks adopt a gift agreement mechanism to facilitate meetings between breast milk donors and recipients, ensuring compliance with applicable laws. Abstrak. Praktik jual beli ASI di Indonesia dianggap umum oleh masyarakat, namun menuai pro dan kontra. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kondisi bayi yang lahir prematur atau memiliki masalah medis tertentu, sementara ibu mereka tidak dapat memberikan ASI. Solusi yang tersedia adalah melalui bank ASI yang menyediakan ASI berkualitas dan telah diverifikasi keamanannya. Namun, jual beli ASI menimbulkan kekhawatiran terkait risiko kesehatan jika ASI tidak melalui pemeriksaan ketat serta risiko terhadap hukum radha’ah (masalah sepersusuan). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keabsahan ASI sebagai objek jual beli dan transaksi jual beli ASI pada bank ASI dalam perspektif Fiqh Muamalah dan Hukum Positif. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan hukum normatif digunakan untuk menggali informasi terkait keabsahan ASI sebagai objek jual beli dan transaksi jual beli ASI di bank ASI. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara terkait bank ASI. Metode analisis data meliputi deskriptif analisis, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perspektif fiqh muamalah, mayoritas ulama seperti Syafi’i, Maliki, dan sebagian ulama Hanbali menganggap ASI sah sebagai objek jual beli, sedangkan madzhab Hanafi berpendapat sebaliknya. Ulama kontemporer Yusuf Qardhawi membolehkan penjualan ASI karena dianggap sebagai barang yang suci dan bermanfaat. Dalam hukum positif di Indonesia, Peraturan Pemerintah No. 33 tahun 2012 melarang praktik tersebut, namun tidak mencantumkan alasan pelarangan dan sanksi. Sebagai solusi, bank ASI mengadopsi mekanisme akad hibah untuk memfasilitasi pertemuan antara pendonor dan penerima ASI agar sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku.

Bandung Conference Series Sharia Economic LawVol. 4(2)
Universitas Islam Bandung
Openalex Percentile: Top 71%
Islamic Finance and Banking Studies
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