Comparison of the Antioxidant Effect of Robusta and Arabica Coffee Ethanol Extracts on Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Wounds

Impaired wound healing in diabetes mellitus is caused by metabolic disorders due to hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia causes an auto-oxidation reaction of glucose, which synthesizes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Robusta and Arabica coffee contain chlorogenic acid, caffeine, and trigonelline, which can prevent oxidative stress. This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant effect of the ethanol extract ointment of robusta coffee and arabica coffee on oxidative stress in diabetic wounds by measuring the decrease in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and leukocytes. This study used 24 experimental animals consisting of a positive control group, a negative control group, a group of rats with diabetic wounds who were given a 15% concentration of Robusta coffee ethanol extract ointment, and a group of rats with diabetic wounds who were given a 15% concentration of Arabica coffee ethanol extract ointment. After eight days of treatment, plasma MDA and leukocyte counts were examined. The results showed that plasma MDA levels and leukocytes did not differ between the diabetic wound groups that were given a 15% concentration of Robusta coffee extract ointment and a 15% concentration of Arabica coffee extract ointment. Robusta coffee and Arabica coffee ethanol extract ointments have the same effect on reducing plasma MDA levels and leukocytes. Keywords: arabica, diabetic wound, malondialdehyde, robusta