Age of end-stage kidney disease development in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most frequent monogenic disease of the kidney, leading to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in a large proportion of patients. This work aimed to assess the age of ESKD development in ADPKD patients in consecutive decades. It was assumed that parallelly to improved advancement and accessibility to diagnostics and therapy, the clinical efficiency enhances, what evinces in increased age in which ESKD occurs. Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of data of ADPKD patients treated in the study centre. No patient was treated with tolvaptan before ESKD since tolvaptan was not available in Poland at that time. Results: 139 patients were included and divided into 3 groups: group I (ESKD before the year 2006), group II (ESKD between 2006 and 2015) and group III (ESKD in 2016 or later). The mean age of ESKD development was 43.47, 52.65, and 55.23 in groups I, II, and III, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the age of ESKD between groups I and III (p = 0.0086), but not between groups I and II, nor II and III. Conclusions: The age of ESKD development in the course of ADPKD was higher in the last decade compared to the turn of the last century. This effect was not associated with tolvaptan, while patients analysed in the present study were not treated with it. That suggests that even without tolvaptan, efforts towards modification of lifestyle, diet, and treatment of concomitant diseases may delay ESKD development in ADPKD.