Modeling the impact of screening awareness and vaccination on human papilloma virus transmission

In this work, a two‐sex deterministic model for human papillomavirus (HPV) is developed to assess the impact of screening awareness and vaccination on the transmission dynamics. We provide a detailed analysis of the HPV model and established results for boundedness of the solutions and existence of a positively invariant and attracting set. The basic reproduction number is characterized, and it is shown that the disease‐free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable if and the system is uniformly persistent if . Sensitivity analysis of reveals that HPV vaccination can mitigate HPV transmission, and HPV vaccination along with screening can further reduce the spread of HPV infection. Numerical simulations showed that the public awareness of screening after being vaccinated is contributing to reduce the spread of epidemic, and the role of screening awareness in controlling the disease was significantly greater among men than women. Besides, the numerical simulations reveal that increasing vaccination rates for male is effective in controlling HPV transmission. Hence, it is necessary to enhance the screening for men. Moreover, increasing vaccination rates is more effective than increasing screening awareness in eliminating the epidemic.