Water Body Detection Utilizing NDWI, NDVI and NMDWI Indices in SEN-12 Spectral Imagery

This paper investigates the efficacy of water body detection utilizing three widely used spectral indices, namely Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), in SEN-12 spectral imagery. These indices are computed from the diverse spectral bands available in Sentinel-2 data to enhance our ability to identify and analyze water bodies. The SEN-12 dataset provides a rich source of multi-spectral information, enabling a nuanced exploration of these indices for water detection. Methodologies involve calculating and comparing NDWI, NDVI, and MNDWI across various scenes, assessing their strengths and limitations in different environmental contexts. The findings contribute valuable insights into the optimization of spectral indices for water body detection, thereby enhancing the utilization of remote sensing data for hydrological applications and environmental monitoring.