Examination of the Total Defect Density and Thickness of CIGS Based PV cell through the SCAPS-1D

The photovoltaic properties of CIGS/GaSe/ITO devices are investigated in this work with respect to the effect of active layer thickness and defect density. Important results with far-reaching consequences for solar cell technology have surfaced after a thorough investigation. These findings highlight the need for improvement of active layer thickness and meticulous control over defect density in order to improve device performance. The study clarifies the intricate relationships between active layer thickness, defect density, and important photovoltaic parameters as V<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OC</inf>, J<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SC</inf>, FF, and PCE. Recombination losses and charge carrier collecting efficiency may be increased by reducing defect density, which in turn improves PCE, V<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OC</inf>, J<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SC</inf>, and FF. Similarly, one may improve light absorption while reducing negative consequences like increased series resistance and light absorption losses by regulating the thickness of the active layer. These results not only shed light on the basic principles that control the functioning of CIGS/GaSe/ITO devices, but they also provide workable ways to enhance their performance in practical settings. Scientists and engineers may use these findings to build solar systems that are more efficient and dependable, hastening the shift to renewable energy. In addition, there is great promise for future research in this area to develop renewable energy technology by fully realizing the potential of CIGS-based thin-film solar cells via the use of sophisticated production technologies and materials engineering tactics.