Development and Simulation of Sierpinski Triangle Antenna for ISM Frequencies

This paper proposes a multi-band, wide band, pla-nar fractal antenna based on Sierpinski triangle geometry. The antenna is simulated using Ansys HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) software on a 1.6mm thick FR4 dielectric. The choice of thickness and dielectric is made keeping in mind the most commonly used materials for Printed Circuit Boards (PCB). A third iteration of Sierpinski triangle is on top side and a partial ground is used on the bottom side of the dielectric. The antenna thus implemented, has a dimension of 80mm x 85mm x 1.6mm. This antenna achieves -10dB return loss bandwidth for the frequencies 0.71-1.14 GHz, 2.32-2.75 GHz and 4.34-5.97 GHz. Thus, this antenna can operate in the most commonly used ISM band frequencies - 868MHz, 915MHz, 2.4GHz and 5.7GHz respectively. Gain Values of 0.6dB, 1.9dB and 2.7dB are obtained for 868MHz, 2.4GHz and 5.7GHz respectively. Radiation efficiency is higher than 80% for all the above mentioned frequencies. The Antenna is fabricated and tested partially using NanoVna. For the frequency range of testing done, the NanoVnaresult and simulation result agree well with each other.