Tunable Frequency Selective Antenna Based on Variable Liquid Metal Coupling Length

In this article, we introduce an innovative tunable selective antenna leveraging variable liquid metal (LM) coupling length. Frequency reconfiguration is achieved by manipulating the LM length. The tuning mechanism relies on the precise movement of LM within 3D-printed microfluidic channels, controlled by varying voltage. The proposed antenna boasts a straightforward configuration and compact size, operating within the frequency range of 1-3.6 GHz. It generates multiple frequency bands including WiMAX, WiFi, and WLAN. Through meticulous optimization of the physical length of the liquid metal, six distinct frequency bands at 0.9-1.2 GHz, 1.2-1.6 GHz, 1.6-2 GHz, 2-2.4, 2.4-2.9 GHz, and 2.9-3.6 GHz GHz without any overlap are generated. Our study demonstrates a strong agreement between simulation and measurement results, affirming the efficacy of our design.