Design strategies for amplitude and phase acoustic holograms in biomedical ultrasound

Current approaches for acoustic hologram generation are focused on phase-only methods. The few alternatives proposed for amplitude and phase holograms becomes cumbersome or not suitable for biomedical ultrasound applications. In this work, we present several topologies for phase-and-amplitude acoustic holograms based on metamaterial and phononic crystals suitable for biomedical ultrasound. These approaches go beyond traditional phase holograms and produce sharper acoustic images for non-invasive and localized preclinical and clinical therapeutic applications like neuromodulation, drug delivery or surgery, or biomedical ultrasound imaging. Several application examples are provided.