Geometry-and Physics-Aware h-p Adaptation Algorithm for Efficient Electromagnetic Scattering Simulation

In numerical analysis of electromagnetic (EM) scattering from electrically large and complex structures, achieving a high computational efficiency while ensuring simulation accuracy remains a substantial challenge. This study builds upon our previous work with phase-extracted basis functions (PEBFs) and higherorder basis functions (HOBFs) (J. P. Webb, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 47(8), 1244-1253, 1999) to introduce a novel integral-equation-based method that employs a hybrid h-p adaptation strategy. This approach combines the benefits of both adaptive mesh refinement and adaptive basis function order to tackle the computational demands posed by intricate object geometries.