A Theoretical Framework of Digital Collaboration Towards Port Resilience: Case of Indonesian Ports (Pelindo) Post-Merger

Digitalization in various sectors, including maritime transport, has become more advanced since the world entered the Industrial Revolution 4.0. era. Post covid-19 pandemic, digitalization and digital collaboration are driven by the need to run port operations smoothly and efficiently, while at the same time concerns on port resilience increase. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) states that developing supply-chain resilience through robust maritime transport and logistics is crucial since future shocks or disruptions will be more common and frequent. Research on digital collaboration in supply chain and port resilience has been rising. However, there is a gap in research for exploring how digital collaboration would lead to port resilience. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between digital collaboration and port resilience. In addition, port integration and transformational leadership are included to examine whether they mediate or moderate in building port resilience. A case study approach is used to look at ports in Indonesia which is run by Pelindo. Qualitative interviews are used to capture perceptions from stakeholders with different backgrounds. Findings shows that digital collaboration uniquely leads to port resilience and the theoretical framework developed is put forward for further testing.