Comparative Analysis and Improvement Measures of Large Passenger Station Capacity Utilization at Home and Abroad

China's railway passenger transport has developed rapidly, but there are still problems such as insufficient railway passenger transport capacity and poor utilization of transport capacity. The adverse effects of these problems on the passenger transport organization of large passenger stations in China have been further amplified. How to effectively improve the capacity utilization efficiency of large passenger stations in China has become a key issue that needs to be solved urgently. This paper fully analyzes the differences in the utilization efficiency of railway passenger capacity at home and abroad from the perspectives of passenger transport characteristics, train organization, station design, operation diagram compilation and signal system. At the same time, it summarizes the characteristics of China's large passenger stations and the deficiencies in capacity utilization. Based on this, the basic idea of improving the capacity utilization of passenger stations is given. The article gives relevant suggestions and methods to improve the capacity utilization of large passenger stations in China from the macro, meso, micro and management levels. This has important theoretical and practical significance for the improvement of China's passenger transport organization capacity.