Phytochemical profile by LC-MS/MS, total phenolic content and Antioxidant Properties of Erodium guttatum from Algeria.

<p style="text-align:justify;"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">The present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant potential of the crude extract and its various fractions which are n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol of the aerial part of </span><em><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">Erodium guttatum (E. guttatum)</span></em><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">. Total </span><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/flavonoid" title="Learn more about flavonoid from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;">flavonoid</span></a><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"> and phenolic content have been estimated using the trichloroaluminum colorimetric and Folin-Ciocalteu method. The phytochemical profile was investigated in various polar (ethyl acetate) and nonpolar (chloroform) fractions, using LC-MS/MS techniques. The antioxidant activities were also assessed using in vitro assay as the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SNP and Phenanthroline essays. The obtained results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content (955.47± 8.15</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;font-size:11pt;line-height:200%;"><sup> </sup></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">µg GAE/mg and 185.90 ± 1.62 µg QE/mg), respectively. Moreover</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:11pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">, LC-MS/MS analysis of </span><a name="_Hlk160025431"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:11pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions </span></a><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:11pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">revealed the presence of 16 and 14 compounds, respectively, the main compounds in the chloroform fraction being </span><a name="_Hlk155566768"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:11pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">shikimic acid </span></a><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:11pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">(13.708 mg/g), hesperidin (0.356 mg/g), isoquercitrin (0.282 mg/g). and in the ethyl acetate fraction, shikimic acid (3.989 mg/g), </span><a name="_Hlk155566792"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:11pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">quercetin 3-xyloside</span></a><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:11pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"> (2.082 mg/g), and gallic acid (0.881 mg/g). </span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">The Antioxidant studies revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited significantly superior activity with IC<sub>50 </sub>of 2.37±0.02 µg/ml and 1.49±0.02µg/ml </span><a name="_Hlk160016752"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">against</span></a><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"> DPPH and ABTS radicals, respectively. Additionally, the fraction showed A<sub>0.5</sub> values of 2.98±0.07µg/ml, 3.62±0.15µg/ml, and 1.23±0.01 against FRAP, SNP and Phenanthroline, respectively. </span><em><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB">E. guttatum</span></em><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"> may serve as a promising resource for antioxidants, warranting further exploration of its potential in medicine or as a dietary supplement due to its components with potential pharmacological benefits.</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;"><span style="background-color:white;color:#212121;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"><strong>Keywords: </strong></span><em><span style="background-color:white;color:black;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"><strong>E. guttatum, </strong></span></em><span style="background-color:white;color:black;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"><strong>crude, fractions; poly phenols</strong></span><em><span style="background-color:white;color:black;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"><strong>,</strong></span></em><span style="background-color:white;color:#212121;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"><strong> LC-MS-MS</strong></span><span style="background-color:white;color:black;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"><strong>,</strong></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;" lang="EN-GB"><strong> Antioxidant activities.</strong></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;"> </p>