A Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Approach for One-Dimensional Dam Break Flow Simulation with Boussinesq Equations

The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method has been applied to solve the Boussinesq equations in order to simulate hypothetical one-dimensional dam break flows (DBFs) across varying depth ratios.Initial simulations reveal that the influence of Boussinesq terms remains minimal during the early stages of DBF when the depth ratio is less than 0.4.However, these terms become increasingly significant at later stages of the flow.In comparison to simulations based on the Saint-Venant equations, the Boussinesq-SPH model underestimates flow depths in regions of constant elevation while overestimating the propagation speed of the positive surge wave, with this overestimation becoming more pronounced as the depth ratio increases.Notably, the first and third Boussinesq terms exert the greatest influence on the simulation results.The findings also indicate the presence of non-hydrostatic pressure distributions within the DBF, which contribute to the accelerated movement of the positive surge.This study offers valuable insights into the modelling of flows that exhibit non-hydrostatic behaviour, and the results may be instrumental in improving the analysis of similar flow phenomena, especially those involving complex pressure distributions and wave propagation dynamics.